Common name: Imidacloprid
IUPAC name: 1-(6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl)-N-nitroimidazolidin-2-ylideneamine
Chemical Abstracts name:1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-N-nitro-2-imidazolidinimine
CAS RN: [138261-41-3]
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Mol. wt.: 255.7
Form:Colourless crystals, with a weak characteristic odour.
M.p.: 144 °C
V.p.: 4×10-7 mPa (20 °C); 9×10-7 mPa (25 °C)
Kow logP= 0.57(21 ºC)
Henry:2×10-10 Pa m3 mol-1 (20 °C, calc.)
S.g./density: 1.54 (23 ºC)
Solubility In water 0.61 g/l (20 ºC). In dichloromethane 55, isopropanol 1.2, toluene 0.68, n-hexane <0.1 (all in g/l, 20 ºC).
Stability Stable to hydrolysis at pH 5-11.
TOXICOLOGY
Oral Acute oral LD50 for male and female rats c. 450 mg/kg.
Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 (24 h) for rats >5000 mg/kg. Non-irritating to eyes and skin (rabbits). Not a skin sensitiser.
Inhalation LC50 (4 h) for rats >5323 mg/m3 dust, 69 mg/m3 air (aerosol).
NOEL (2 y) for male rats 100, female rats 300, mice 330 mg/kg diet; (52 w) for dogs 500 mg/kg diet.
ADI (JMPR) 0.06 mg/kg b.w. Other Not mutagenic or teratogenic.
Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) II
EPA (formulation) II
ECOTOXICOLOGY
Birds Acute oral LD50 for Japanese quail 31, bobwhite quail 152 mg/kg. Dietary LC50 (5 d) for bobwhite quail 2225, mallard ducks >5000 mg/kg.
Fish LC50 (96 h) for golden orfe 237, rainbow trout 211 mg/l.
Daphnia LC50 (48 h) 85 mg/l.
Algae ErC50 for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata >100 mg/l.
Bees Harmful to honeybees by direct contact, but no problems expected when not sprayed into flowering crop or when used as a seed treatment.
Worms LC50 for Eisenia foetida 10.7 mg/kg dry soil.
